大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥在多维多点地震激励作用下的平稳随机响应     

赵灿晖  周志祥 《世界地震工程》2007,23(4):66-71

采用虚拟激励法计算了大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥在纵向、竖向、横向、三维多点激励作用下的均方响应，在此基础上探讨了各方向激励及三维激励的多点输入效应对钢管混凝土拱桥地震响应特性的影响。结果表明纵向和竖向激励的多点输入效应对结构响应有明显影响，而横向激励的多点输入效应可忽略。  相似文献   

Failure of masonry arches under impulse base motion     

Laura De Lorenzis  Matthew DeJong  John Ochsendorf 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(14):2119-2136

Recent seismic events have caused damage or collapse of invaluable historical buildings, further proving the vulnerability of unreinforced masonry (URM) structures to earthquakes. This study aims to understand failure of masonry arches—typical components of URM historic structures—subjected to horizontal ground acceleration impulses. An analytical model is developed to describe the dynamic behaviour of the arch and is used to predict the combinations of impulse magnitudes and durations which lead to its collapse. The model considers impact of the rigid blocks through several cycles of motion, illustrating that failure can occur at lower ground accelerations than previously believed. The resulting failure domains are of potential use for design and assessment purposes. Predictions of the analytical model are compared with results of numerical modelling by the distinct element method, and the good agreement between results validates the analytical model and at the same time confirms the potential of the distinct element framework as a method of evaluating complex URM structures under dynamic loading. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Flood hydrograph attenuation induced by a reservoir system: analysis with a distributed rainfall‐runoff model     

Nicola Montaldo  Marco Mancini  Renzo Rosso 《水文研究》2004,18(3):545-563

Spatially distributed hydrologic models can be effectively utilized for flood event simulation over basins where a complex system of reservoirs affecting the natural flow regime is present. Flood peak attenuation through mountain reservoirs can, in fact, mitigate the impact of major floods in flood‐prone areas of the lower river valley. Assessment of this effect for a complex reservoir system is performed with a spatially distributed hydrologic model where the surface runoff formation and the hydraulic routing through each reservoir and the river system are performed at a fine spatial and time resolution. The Toce River basin is presented as a case study, because of the presence of 14 active hydroelectric dams that affect the natural flow regime. A recent extreme flood event is simulated using a multi‐realization kriging method for modelling the spatial distribution of rainfall. A sensitivity analysis of the key elements of the distributed hydrologic model is also performed. The flood hydrograph attenuation is assessed. Several possible reservoir storage conditions are used to characterize the initial condition of each reservoir. The results demonstrate how a distributed hydrologic model can contribute to defining strategies for reservoir management in flood mitigation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

岩土材料塑性损伤模型及拱坝的变形局部化分析     

陈新  杨强  周维垣 《岩土力学》2007,28(5):865-870

常规的弹塑性模型难以模拟材料破坏时由于内部损伤累积引起的变形局部化带形成过程。将岩土材料抽象为含有孔洞的球形体胞单元的集合体,采用一个标量--孔洞体积百分比来刻划单元的损伤程度,基于细观损伤力学提出了一个适用于岩土材料的塑性损伤模型。将该模型通过用户子程序嵌入到大型有限元商业软件MRAC中,研究岩土材料的局部化剪切带形成过程。采用该模型,成功地对平面应力条件下岩土材料单轴受压和单轴受拉试件的局部化破坏分别进行了数值模拟。采用该模型,对拱坝在超水载作用下的变形局部化进行了研究,数值计算结果表明,上游坝踵处最先发生变形局部化现象。  相似文献   

高速公路连拱隧道开挖地表沉降研究     

孙少锐  吴继敏  魏继红 《岩土力学》2006,27(Z1):327-332

对隧道开挖引起的地表沉降模型进行总结,详细地调查和分析了金丽温高速公路红枫连拱隧道工程区的地质特征,系统研究了在偏压条件下连拱隧道开挖引起的地表沉降规律,对红枫隧道开挖引起的地表沉降进行研究,建立了偏压条件下连拱隧道分步开挖引起的地表沉降预测模型,对不同开挖工况下的差异沉降进行分析,证明该预测模型比较真实的反映了在偏压及浅埋条件下连拱隧道开挖引起的地表沉降规律,为浅埋连拱隧道开挖过程中防止地表过度变形提供理论基础。  相似文献   

地电影像技术在水利堤坝隐患探测中的应用     

魏月红  刘晓芳  崔元星 《煤田地质与勘探》2002,30(2):60-61

阐述了最新发展起来的物探方法——地电影像技术的原理及其应用在水利堤坝隐患探测中的地质—地球物理基础,并结合实例讨论了该领域的应用前景   相似文献   

土钉墙基坑支护中疏排桩抗滑效应研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

金钢锋  屠毓敏  阮长青 《岩土力学》2005,26(4):577-579

在软粘土地基基坑支护中,当基坑开挖深度较深时,土钉墙的最危险圆弧滑动面往往入土较深,很难满足工程设计需要,为此可采用疏排桩以满足其整体稳定性要求。从土的塑性理论出发,利用土拱效应原理,分析了作用于疏排桩上的土压力。利用桩土相互作用的原理,研究了疏排桩在土钉墙基坑支护中的抗滑效应,并在深基坑支护中得到实际工程的验证。  相似文献   

Improvement of SWAT2000 modelling to assess the impact of dams and sluices on streamflow in the Huai River basin of China     

Gangsheng Wang  Jun Xia 《水文研究》2010,24(11):1455-1471

Hydrological simulation and assessment in a dam–sluice regulated river basin are a complex and challenging issue. In this article, an improved SWAT2000 modelling system was developed that incorporated the Shuffled complex evolution (SCE‐UA) optimization algorithm and the multi‐site and multi‐objective calibration strategy. The implication of multi‐objective is different for different types of outlets, i.e. streamflow for an ordinary outlet, inflow for a sluice, and water storage for a reservoir. Model parameters were redefined to improve model simulations. The surface runoff lag time (SURLAG) was extended as a spatially distributed parameter, and a correction coefficient was introduced to modify the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The modelling system was then applied to the Huai River basin of China under various climatic conditions, including a very dry year (1999), a dry year (1981), an average year (1971), and wet year (1991). In all, 26 dams and 35 sluices were considered, among which about 20 dams/sluices were used for model calibration. The impact assessment primarily focused on the very dry year (1999). The results indicated that the released water from large reservoirs was blocked in the river channels by sluices located downstream. In the very dry year, the dam–sluice operations could result in an increase of the runoff volume during the non‐flood season and a decrease in runoff during the flood season, but the changing magnitude during the non‐flood season was much greater. An important conclusion of this case study is that the sluices in the Sha‐Yin branch located in the north region and the dams in the southern mountainous region above the Wangjiaba Hydrological Station have played the most significant role in regulating the streamflow of the entire river basin. The methods addressed in this article can simulate hydrological regime in the river basins regulated by dams and sluices under different climatic conditions at the whole‐watershed scale. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

大跨连续钢桁拱桥动力系数影响因素研究     

蒲黔辉  魏召兰  李晓斌 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(6):123-128

以南京大胜关长江大桥为研究对象,建立其车桥耦合动力分析模型,采用逐步积分法求解动力方程,以动力系数作评判标准,讨论行车速度、阻尼比、行车方向、车辆数、吊杆布置方式等参数对动力性能的影响.结果表明:动力系数随行车速度的提高而增大;吊杆索力的动力系数与无应力索长成反比;随着阻尼比的增大,各构件动力系数均有所降低;同向行驶时...  相似文献   

周期径向荷载作用下圆弧格构拱动力稳定性分析     

赵洪金  刘超  孟昭博  吴敏哲 《地震工程与工程振动》2011,31(6):73-77

基于结构弹性稳定理论,根据能量法推导出以位移为基本未知量的圆弧格构拱总势能,从Hamilton原理出发,建立了考虑剪切变形的圆弧格构拱的动力稳定微分方程.利用Galerkin方法将其转化为二阶常微分Mathieu型参数共振方程,求得周期解所包围的动力不稳定区域,探讨了圆弧格构拱发生参数共振的动力稳定性问题,分析了缀条面...  相似文献